VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
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Trying to be the person that my younger self needed🙂. Pls Read the pinned messages and FAQs before texting me Formerly called UPSC highlights,All the work done on this channel is in tandem with fair use policy of IPR laws. Enquiries : @vk_ias
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Posts Archive
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✅Gs-2 : IR- Global Digital Order
🅾️Context : The current order is dominated by the US- creates digital asymmetry: nations depend on US platforms, reducing autonomy.Data flows behave like global highways; whoever controls them controls mobility and chokepoints.
🅾️India is one of the world’s largest digital markets but runs on foreign platforms- Digital economy → trade → innovation → national power.
🅾️Choices in the International System- Digital Ascendancy (like the US), Digital Capitulation (Malaysia’s model- Accept the dominance of foreign tech giants; avoid friction; focus on trade- risky for Big nation like India), Digital Sovereignty (European model)
⚠️China achieved digital sovereignty by excluding foreign firms and building its own giants- India needs a third model: sovereignty without autarky.Indian consumers rely on global apps. India is a democracy → cannot impose sudden digital bans.
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://t.me/UPSC_PSIR_IR
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✅Gs-2 : Constitution- Philosophy of constitution- Values - 11 pledges
🅾️This can be related to PM Modi's 'Panch Pran'- Click here
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-2 : IR- Hong Kong’s identity is a strategic asset
🅾️In geopolitics, intermediary spaces act as “shock absorbers” = capable of reducing escalation, hosting dialogue, and supporting global markets even during crises. Hong Kong is one such city- It is a lesson for India's urban agenda.
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://t.me/UPSC_PSIR_IR
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- Neutrino observatory
🅾️Overall problem- why India misses “Big Science” buses even when we have the talent and history.
🅾️Context : China has completed JUNO, a massive underground neutrino detector. India’s corresponding project, INO, is stuck. Lesson to be learnt?- Science policy cannot be divorced from federal politics, land use, environment, and public trust
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-2 : Judiciary - Role of Judiciary - advisory jurisdiction
🅾️Already discussed in detail- this article is like a summary of the discussion - click here
⚠️Note : A judgment is formally overruled only by a decision of the Supreme Court in its Adjudicatory Jurisdiction (i.e., in a regular case), typically by a larger bench than the one that passed the original judgment- adjudicatory Judgment (Articles 132-136, 142). The judgment with the "deemed assent" is likely considered negated in its operative part, but the precedent is generally not considered formally overruled by the advisory opinion alone
⚜️But the Opinion/Report to the President (Consultative)- Advisory Opinion (Article 143) Negates the Judgment's Operative Effect
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
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✅Gs-2 : Governance- Role of civil services in a democracy
⚠️State Size Paradox: India, with a vast bureaucracy, struggles to perform effectively, mirroring both under and over-staffed issues in its public sector- MUST READ article!
⚜️But then Why are states not recruiting enough number of people in state government jobs?- How is it a challenge to our federal structure?- Click here
🅾️Present context : How can State PSCs be reformed?- The federal logic: States need their own commissions, yet must maintain standards comparable to UPSC. This context explains why reforms must strengthen autonomy, not centralise control. So solution= Creation of State Public Recruitment Boards under the DoPT-like umbrella at the Centre for standard-setting.
⚠️Also read
⚜️ What is the state of IAS officers in India- critical analysis- Important for interview candidates- Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-2 : Centre- state relations
🅾️Context : The President sought advice from the Supreme Court under Article 143 on 14 constitutional questions about the assent process under Articles 200 (Governor) and 201 (President).
⚠️Guiding principle- Governor is not an agent of the Centre- Discretion is very limited, not general
🅾️Constitutional morality and fairness should guide discretionary spaces- Nabam Rebia (2016): Governor cannot interfere with House motions- Click here
🅾️The Governor may question procedure, but cannot substitute political judgment.A signature by constitutional head is not rubber-stamping. But it is also not a veto of political policy. So balancing letter and spirit requires restraint and constitutional morality
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✅Gs-2 : Social welfare- Labour laws
🅾️Background : Labour Codes- Click here + This video series
⚠️Problems the codes aimed to solve :
⚜️1. Fragmented regulation-Different sectors, different state laws → compliance confusion.
⚜️2. Poor social security coverage- Large informal workforce left out; gig/platform workers unrecognised.
⚜️3. Excessive compliance burden- Overlapping filings, inspections, registers.
⚜️4. Labour rigidity- Difficult retrenchment rules → disincentive for formal expansion
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
Repost from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
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🅾️How My UPSC Students Broke the 110+ Barrier in Ethics | VK IAS Manthan Explained
https://youtube.com/shorts/qK7fjk-Y84s?feature=share
Ethics paper is worth 250 marks- so Make next 45 days count with 2 hrs per day!
Answer writing starts from dec 21st- you can cover the content gaps through lectures now
✅Course link -click here
✳️Contact - @VK_IAS
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✅Previous mentees-Includes-both full length programs and interview mentorship programs
⚜️1. Chetana- Score 206- Click here
⚜️2. Sai chaitanya jadhav- Score 206- Click here
🌟3. Swathika - Interview score - 200- Click here
⚜️4. Aditya- Interview score- 193- Click here
🌟5. Sameer Raja- Interview score improvement - 45 marks- Click here
⚠️VK IAS interview resources channel- https://t.me/UPSC_Interviews
✅contact : @vk_ias
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✅Gs-2 : Centre- state relations- The office of Governor- Click here
🅾️Context : The President sought advice from the Supreme Court under Article 143 on 14 constitutional questions about the assent process under Articles 200 (Governor) and 201 (President).
⚠️Criteria to be used by SC :When these 3 conditions are met → limited mandamus allowed- Deemed assent = automatic yes.This kills application of mind, which is essential in federal governance.
🅾️1. PROLONGED DELAY- Cant use the logic of april judgement- its now overruled
🅾️2. UNEXPLAINED DELAY- do nothing and give no reasons, it becomes “unexplained”.
🅾️3. INDEFINITE DELAY- Delay that has no foreseeable end point.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-1 : Geography- Reasons for pollution in delhi- The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a single climatic basin, with: winter temperature inversion, low-speed winds, stable lower atmosphere, valley-like topography trapping pollutants.
✅Gs-2 : IR- International Relations → Transboundary pollution
✅Gs-3 : Environment- Air Pollution - Delhi air pollution reasons- Here article is positioning 2024 India–Pakistan smog episode as a regional South Asian crisis rather than a Delhi-only or India-only problem because Delhi & Lahore faced simultaneous extreme smog. Pollution cannot be treated as a domestic problem if meteorology carries pollutants across borders- Regional similarities in development patterns → regional similarity in pollution patterns.
🅾️The Lancet Health Journal notes: India’s GDP falls 1.36% annually due to pollution-linked morbidity/mortality.
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✅Gs-2 : IR- International organisations- FAO
✅Gs-3: Economics of animal rearing- Fisheries- International expertise → solves India's compliance problems with global markets.Move sector from “production-driven” → “value-chain driven” ' input quality → sustainable harvest → processing → branding → export competitiveness.
🅾️Read about these- PMMSY- Important for interviews(for students from coastal states)- Click here
🔰Join - VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : Centre- state relations- Federalism
🅾️25 years of statehood for Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand.
🌟Important logic you should know : State creation solves representation, not structural development unless institutions mature.
🚫Statehood amplifies differences: effective governance accelerates progress and weak governance deepens stagnation.Statehood is not a guarantee of development but at best becomes JUST A PLATFORM.
⚠️Each state reveals classic structural traps:These can be used for GS1–GS3 interlinks: regional development, inequality, federalism, environmental governance
⚜️1. Chhattisgarh: mining-intensive growth vs tribal displacement + Maoism.
⚜️2. Jharkhand: political instability → weak institutions → poor utilisation of mineral wealth.
⚜️3. Uttarakhand: prosperity in plains; ecological vulnerability in hills
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
image_2025-11-20_17-33-11.png4.27 MB
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✅Gs-3 : Environmental Pollution- Water pollution-Ground water resources
🅾️Look at this data- Click here
⚠️This article talks about the hidden costs- Ground water pollution is a “silent epidemic” where losses are not annual but compounded across generations.
⚠️Groundwater governance is dispersed across state departments, pollution control boards, panchayats, and industries, with no unified accountability.Agricultural contamination is an economic diplomacy issue because global buyers demand traceability and safety. Finally contaminated groundwater becomes a driver of inequality
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-2 : Vulnerable sections- Children/women
🅾️Why Recognising Childcare Workers Matters: Quality childcare → frees women’s time → increases female labour force participation (FLFP) → boosts GDP.Childcare → improves children’s nutrition and cognitive development → builds long-term human capital → raises productivity over decades.Ignoring care work keeps India in a low-skill, low-income equilibrium but devaluation of care work stems from gender norms, not from economic logic. This is why GDP does not capture unpaid care despite its massive contribution.
🅾️Similar idea- ASHA- Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) volunteers for Old aged- click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
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✅Gs-3 : Climate change- climate policy and climate transition.
✅Gs-1 : Society- Impact of globalization- Solar energy generation impact on vulnerable sections - solar parks in West Bengal–Jharkhand border
🅾️This is how you generate points in upsc mains?- Energy transition-VK IAS
https://youtu.be/9PXE0bjVlro
🅾️Land Conflict is now a central node in India’s energy transition- Solar energy is economically and ecologically superior, but transition pathways matter more than technology.India’s solar transition becomes sustainable only when land governance, compensation design, and community participation match the scale of installations.
⚠️Note that : Energy transition cannot replicate the extractive logic of old infrastructure.Ecological economics must include “local ecology + local economy,” not just national-level decarbonisation figures.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
Repost from TgId: 1631927518
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✅Previous mentees-Includes-both full length programs and interview mentorship programs
⚜️1. Chetana- Score 206- Click here
⚜️2. Sai chaitanya jadhav- Score 206- Click here
🌟3. Swathika - Interview score - 200- Click here
⚜️4. Aditya- Interview score- 193- Click here
🌟5. Sameer Raja- Interview score improvement - 45 marks- Click here
⚠️VK IAS interview resources channel- https://t.me/UPSC_Interviews
✅contact : @vk_ias
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✅Gs-1 : Salient features of Indian society- Migration patterns
🅾️A nationwide MoSPI–NSO survey conducted from July 2026 to June 2027 to measure India’s migration rates, patterns, and impacts. Covers rural–urban and inter-state migration, including short-term, long-term, and return migration.
🅾️Includes all states and UTs except inaccessible parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.Inclusive growth cannot be designed without understanding migration outcomes- India's federal programmes need district-level evidence
🅾️Why are we witnessing migration even when India is doing well?- Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
