VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
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Trying to be the person that my younger self needed🙂. Pls Read the pinned messages and FAQs before texting me Formerly called UPSC highlights,All the work done on this channel is in tandem with fair use policy of IPR laws. Enquiries : @vk_ias
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✅Gs-3 : Inclusive Growth- Inequality- A very important article
🅾️Crucial Clarification on Income Inequality: Income inequality ≠ Consumption inequality- Click here
🅾️ MUST READ- This is a timeless article- For all stages of the exam!- What is middle income trap?
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PM DHANYA KRISHI YOJANA Game Changer for Farmers || UPSC Gs-3
https://youtu.be/8P0fCaXG8WA
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#Economy
✅Gs3- Mobilization of resources- FDI inflows- Background - Read here
🅾️FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) includes two components:
⚜️a) Gross Inflows — new investments made by foreign companies in India.
⚜️b) Outflows — money flowing out, such as profits repatriated by these companies or when they disinvest.
⚠️Net FDI = Inflows – Outflows= India received $81 billion gross FDI, but…After subtracting outflows, the net retained FDI was only $0.35 billion — a 96% drop, lowest in 20 years. This means: India attracted money, but couldn’t retain it due to high profit repatriation and low reinvestment.
🅾️2. What is “dividend repatriation and reduced reinvestment”? - Dividend repatriation: Foreign companies earn profits in India, then send this money back to their home country- Reduced reinvestment.
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Repost from TgId: 1471186728
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✅Gs-3 : Disaster management- Case study- Himachal Pradesh
✅Gs -1 : Geography- Impact of climate change on climate
🅾️ How spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall is changing with climate change- click here
🅾️What are Cloudbursts?- Click here
🔰What do you need to fix this problem?- 4C–2D–1R
⚜️C1: Climate Risk Mapping
⚜️C2: Capacity at local level
⚜️C3: Coordination between depts
⚜️C4: Communication clarity
⚜️D1: Decentralized Implementation
⚜️D2: Disaster Anticipation Systems
⚜️R: Resilient Infrastructure Redesign
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Repost from TgId: 1456907475
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✅Gs-3 : Economy- Agriculture- Value chain of Agriculture
🅾️Context : PM Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY)-A mega umbrella scheme approved by the Cabinet, aiming to converge 36 existing Central and State-level schemes across 11 departments
🅾️How will it work?- Based on NITI Aayog’s Aspirational Districts Programme framework—targets low-productivity districts.
🅾️Why? - Budgetary allocation is shrinking
⚠️What should we be careful about?- Should not become centralisation in disguise-
⚜️So Build District Agri Planning Units under Gram Panchayats + Krishi Vigyan Kendras+ Increase capital expenditure in agri-R&D, irrigation, infrastructure+ Mandate 60:40 centre-state contribution, with incentives for local innovations
⚜️Align with SDG-2 (Zero Hunger), and integrate it with One District One Product (ODOP) and Digital Public Infrastructure in agri-Click here
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✅Gs-3 : Inclusive Growth- Inequality- A very important article
🅾️Crucial Clarification on Income Inequality: Income inequality ≠ Consumption inequality. he World Bank's “Inequality and Equity Brief” (April 2024) reported that India ranks among the bottom four globally in income inequality. This sparked debate because the data from India’s Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) 2022-23 shows a decline in inequality, not a rise.
⚜️High-income individuals save/invest more, poor households consume most of what they earn → makes consumption more equal even when incomes differ.
⚜️Media often uses pre-tax data to say top 1% earn massively.
⚜️But post-tax + subsidy data shows the bottom 50% gets more net benefit.
⚜️Top 1% pay 42% of all direct taxes, but post-subsidy, inequality is softened.
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✅Gs-3 : Economic growth- Industries- Ship building industry
📍Context : India's Maritime India Vision 2030 focuses on logistics, infrastructure, and environmental concerns but lacks in areas like ship manufacturing and addressing the need for shipyards to handle larger vessel- Click here
🅾️But even this industry is undergoing a transition towards decarbonization-Environment- India- LT-LEDS
🅾️What other news can be looked at from the lens of the issue of circular economy?- Also read Ship breaking industry- Click here
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✅Gs-2 : Role of civil services in democracy
✅GS-2 : Education/ Govt policies and their implementation- Need for National Education Service- just like IAS
🅾️Need for continuous adaptation in education to meet the evolving economic and technological demands- Click here
🅾️Structural Issues Leading to Overestimation of Job Creation- Click here
🅾️single most important article if you were to understand the demand of UPSC- Click here
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#Environment
✅Gs3- Conservation - Problem with the classification of India's ecosystem as wastelands-
🔴This is the one- A highly informative article for both prelims and mains- Click here
Q) What do you mean by a wasteland- what are the problems associated with the definition of a wasteland? Critically analyze- click here
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Repost from TgId: 1310486096
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✅Gs-4 - Ethics and essay
✳️Frugality - example of a value and why it is important.
https://t.me/joinchat/mrcWyE8pY2UyMDll
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✅Gs-3 : Internal Security - Maharashtra Special Public Security (MSPS) Bill, 2025
✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights and Federalism -i.e. centre state relations
🅾️Q. Do special security laws compromise democratic freedoms?” Discuss with reference to recent state-level legislations.How can the State combat evolving internal security threats without undermining the constitutional guarantees it exists to protect?- you can read a similar article - click here
⚜️Ans : Overall broad approach- Urban Maoism cannot be countered by rural-style repression In responding to diffuse internal threats like urban Maoism, the state must craft laws that are surgically precise, institutionally accountable, and constitutionally upright
⚠️Use this case as a model to argue how ambiguous definitions in security laws risk misuse- Can be used in law-making and constitutional morality questions.
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✅Gs-2 : IR - India- US relations
🅾️Context : Questions on multipolarity, decay of global institutions, and India’s positioning in shifting world order- Click here to read
🔰Overall funda : When global powers self-sabotage, emerging democracies must absorb the disruption as pain and convert it into preparation.
🔰Opportunities for India :
⚜️1. Supply Chain Relocation- US-China rivalry and internal US decay open a window for India in manufacturing, semiconductors, pharma
⚜️2. India’s STEM talent, diaspora, and private education now serve global demands more than US-centered hubs
⚜️3. build a domestic innovation engine, similar to NIH in US (which lost momentum)
⚜️4. US universities and institutions are collapsing under identity politics, while India can rise by strengthening merit-based institutions- intellectual tribalism is damaging to global leadership
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://t.me/UPSC_PSIR_IR
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Whenever I read this, I think about the word: collective consciousness
What is the impact of this collective consciousness? - it is the guru that teaches us lessons- it is the collective experience of the mistakes each one of us makes... And if we are open to learn from them, a new door always opens and let's the light in... no matter how dark it seems ...
We are what we learn from others and I thank every guru in my life on this day- Happy Guru purnima to all- let this day be a reminder to listen to what others have to teach🙏🙂
Repost from VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
🔰Mains 2024 Revision plan - Important articles - Part 1
🅾️Gs-2 :Indian Constitution-historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions & basic structure
⚜️1. Transformative constitutionalism - Click here
⚜️2. Constitutional morality vs majoritarian morality debate- Click here
⚜️3. Fundamental Rights based material :
✴️3.1 - Hate speech
✴️3.2 - Fundamental rights-Affirmative action
✴️3.3- Aadhaar-based age tokens to address privacy concerns
⚜️4. Indian constitution- Basic structure doctrine
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- Biotechnology
🅾️Applications of Gene Editing- Background- click here
⚠️Also read - Role of RNA in Nitrate absorption in plants- Micro RNA switch- Click here
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✅Gs-2 : RPA- Powers of Election Commission
🅾️How is electoral roll revision supposed to happen?-Four permissible triggers (Rule 5, Registration of Electors Rules, 1960):
⚜️1. Before General Elections.
⚜️2. Before a bye-election.
⚜️3. Directed by ECI in any year.
⚜️4. With reference to a qualifying date- The qualifying date must be explicitly declared.
⚠️WHAT IS GOING WRONG? — How SIR in Bihar diverges from the norm-Migrants, urban poor, and minorities lack documentation- ECI is treating voter verification like citizenship trials (a function of the judiciary), bypassing natural justice- No proper notification of qualifying date or declaration under RPA= No respect for rule of law.
🌟My opinion = “Presumption of Innocence” applies not just in criminal law but must extend to electoral inclusion
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✅Gs-1 : Indian society- Climate Change and Social Vulnerability
✅Gs-3 : Environment- ENvironmental Refugees
⚜️Concept of Intersectionality- Click here and read
✅Gs-2 : Vulnerable sections- Environmental Refugees/ Internally displaced persons (IDPs).
⚠️Focus: Coastal communities in Kerala, Odisha, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, WB facing relocation due to sea level rise, erosion, and saline intrusion. This creates Internally displaced persons (IDPs).
🅾️Problem: No rights-based legal framework to rehabilitate internally displaced persons (IDPs). No national IDP policy (Just like refugees), despite India’s commitment to democratic values.
🅾️Impact- Displaced communities often face-Marginalisation and Social Stigma- They are typically disenfranchised: Means no voting rights( because they lose permanent address which is needed for ID proof)
🎖Cases regarding the principle of Non refoulment- Click here
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✅GS3- Internal security- Strategic importance of Andaman and Nicobar islands- NITI Aayog Vision for Great nicobar
🅾️Strategic importance of Andaman and Nicobar islands-Click here
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