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🔆 International Day for Elimination of Violence Against Women (India’s Framework) 📅 25 November | Theme 2025: UNiTE to End Digital Violence Against All Women & Girls 📍 Overview ✅ India has built a strong legal + institutional ecosystem to address violence against women, including digital abuse. ✅ Focus on prevention, protection, support services, fast-track justice, and digital safety.  📍 Key Legal & Policy Measures ✅ Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 – tougher penalties for sexual offences; mandatory audio-video victim statements. ✅ PWDVA 2005 – covers physical, sexual, emotional, verbal & economic abuse. ✅ POSH Act 2013 – Internal & Local Committees; centralised SHe-Box portal for complaints. ✅ Mission Shakti – umbrella scheme for women’s safety (Sambal) + empowerment (Samarthya).  📍 Support Systems for Women ✅ One Stop Centres (OSCs) – Police, medical, legal aid, counselling, shelter under one roof. ✅ Women Helpline 181 – 24×7 national emergency support. ✅ Domestic Violence Helpline 7827170170 – IVR-based support linking police, hospitals, counsellors. ✅ Swadhar Greh – shelter, food, counselling & rehabilitation for women in distress. ✅ Stree Manoraksha – NIMHANS-led training for OSC staff.  📍 Tech-Enabled Safety Tools ✅ Digital Shakti Campaign – digital safety & cyber-awareness for women. ✅ ERSS-112 – integrated emergency response. ✅ Investigation Tracking System for Sexual Offences (ITSSO) – real-time monitoring of rape case investigations. ✅ National Database on Sexual Offenders (NDSO) – tracking repeat offenders. ✅ Cri-MAC – crime information sharing for rapid response.  📍 Institutional Mechanisms ✅ Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs): 773 courts, 3.34 lakh+ cases disposed of. ✅ Women Help Desks: 14,658 operational across police stations. ✅ SHe-Box: real-time tracking of workplace harassment cases.  📍 Conclusion India’s approach integrates laws + technology + survivor-centric services to combat both offline and digital violence, ensuring women can live with dignity, safety, equality and freedom.  #GS1 #society https://t.me/PIB_UPSC https://t.me/upsc_society_gs

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Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSH) Code, 2020

🔆 Code on Wages, 2019 – Key Points 📍 Overview ✅ Merges 4 laws: Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Wages Act, Payment of Bonus Act, Equal Remuneration Act. ✅ Aims: Universal wage coverage, simplification, equity, formalisation. 📍 Core Provisions ✅ Universal Minimum Wages for all employees. ✅ Floor Wage by Centre → States cannot go below it. ✅ Standardised definition of “Wages” (Basic+DA+Retaining allowance). ✅ Simplified compliance → Rules 163→58, Forms 20→6, Registers 24→2. ✅ Working hours: Max 48 hrs/week, 12 hrs/day, OT = 2× wage. ✅ Timely wage payment; mandatory wage slips. ✅ Gender equality → No discrimination + 1/3 women in Advisory Boards. ✅ Inspector-cum-Facilitator → Tech-based, non-adversarial inspections. ✅ Decriminalisation → Monetary penalties for first offences. 📍 Impact ✅ Stronger wage protection ✅ Less exploitation & better equity ✅ Ease of doing business ✅ Boost to women’s participation ✅ Support to formalisation 📍 Mains Question “Evaluate the significance of the Code on Wages, 2019 in improving labour welfare while promoting ease of doing business in India.” #LabourReforms

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🔆 World Fisheries Day 2025 📍 India’s Status ✅ World’s 2nd-largest fish producer ✅ Fisheries support 30 million livelihoods ✅ Core pillar of India’s Blue Economy 📍 Production & Exports ✅ Fish production: 96 lakh t (2013–14) → 195 lakh t (2024–25) ✅ Seafood exports: ₹62,408 crore (2024–25) ✅ Marine exports up 11% (2024 → 2025) ✅ GST on key fish products reduced to 5% 📍 Major Schemes & Measures PMMSY (₹20,312 cr) • Cold chain, transport, landing centres expansion • 100 climate-resilient coastal villages • Women: 60% assistance Sustainable Harnessing Rules, 2025 • Priority to FFPOs for deep-sea fishing • Digital access pass (ReALCRaft) • Ban on destructive fishing Digital Tracking • 36,000+ transponders installed • NABHMITRA safety system Marine Fisheries Census 2025 • 1st fully digital, geo-referenced census • Covers 1.2M households using VyAS apps PM-MKSSY (₹6,000 cr) • Aquaculture insurance up to ₹1 lakh • 40% premium support FIDF (₹7,522 cr) • Infra loans + 3% interest subvention 📍 Theme 2025 “India’s Blue Transformation: Strengthening Value Addition in Seafood Exports.” 📍 UPSC Angles • Blue Economy • Sustainable fisheries • Digital governance & traceability • Climate-resilient coastal livelihoods 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “How is India transforming its fisheries sector through digital governance and sustainability initiatives under the Blue Economy framework?” #BlueEconomy #economy Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC https://t.me/Upsc_4_economy

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🔆 India’s AVGC–XR Sector: Rapid Expansion & Policy Push 📍 Introduction India’s AVGC–XR sector (Animation, VFX, Gaming, Comics & Extended Reality) is undergoing rapid growth, backed by major reforms, global partnerships, and dedicated institutions. 📍 Key Facts ✅ India’s M&E sector projected to cross USD 100 billion by 2030. ✅ India offers a 40–60% cost advantage in animation/VFX services. ✅ Overseas viewership forms 25% of Indian OTT audiences. 📍 Institutional Boost ✅ AVGC Promotion Task Force (2022) → recommended National AVGC–XR Mission; projected 20 lakh jobs. ✅ Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) (2024–25) established as National Centre of Excellence. • Industry partners: Google, Microsoft, NVIDIA, Netflix, Meta, Adobe. • Courses in gaming, VFX, XR; startup incubator WaveX launched. 📍 Policy Support ✅ Cinematograph (Amendment) Act 2023 → strong anti-piracy laws; age-based certification; permanent validity. ✅ State Policies: • Karnataka AVGC–XR Policy (2024–29) • Maharashtra AVGC–XR Policy (2025) with ₹3,268 crore outlay ✅ India Cine Hub → single-window film facilitation. ✅ WAVES Summit 2025 → ₹1,328 crore business pipeline; global partnerships. 📍 Global Competence ✅ Indian studios contributed to Avatar, Thor, Game of Thrones, RRR (2,800+ VFX shots). ✅ Rise of India-made games: Raji, Indus Battle Royale. 📍 Conclusion India is positioning itself as a global creative-tech hub, driven by strong policy frameworks, institutional capacity, and expanding industry talent. 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Discuss how recent institutional and policy initiatives are shaping India’s AVGC–XR sector. What steps are needed to strengthen India’s position in the global creative economy?” #economy

🔆 Record Foodgrain Output 2024–25 📍 Headline Numbers ✅ Total Foodgrain: 357.73 MT (All-time high; +8% from 2023–24) ✅ Increase in 10 years: +106 MT (251.54 → 357.73 MT) 📍 Major Crops — Record Highs • Rice: 150.18 MT • Wheat: 117.94 MT • Soybean: 15.26 MT • Groundnut: 11.94 MT 📍 Other Key Figures • Nutri/Coarse cereals: 63.92 MT • Maize: 43.40 MT • Millets (Shri Anna): 18.59 MT • Pulses: 25.68 MT • Chickpea: 11.11 MT • Moong: 4.24 MT • Oilseeds total: 42.99 MT (Record) • Rapeseed & Mustard: 12.66 MT • Sugarcane: 454.61 MT • Cotton: 297.24 lakh bales 📍 Government Focus • Push for Self-Reliance in Pulses Mission • MSP procurement assurance for tur, urad, chana, moong • Focus on farmer welfare + productivity 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Despite achieving record agricultural output, India continues to face structural constraints in pulses and oilseeds. Discuss.” #Agriculture https://t.me/Upsc_agriculture_mains

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🔆 Defence Atmanirbharta: Record Production & Exports 📍 Record Defence Production & Exports ✅ Highest-ever defence production: ₹1.54 lakh crore (FY 2024–25) ✅ Indigenous defence production: ₹1,27,434 crore (FY 2023–24) ➡️ 174% jump from 2014–15 ✅ Defence exports: ₹23,622 crore (FY 2024–25) (from <₹1,000 crore in 2014) ➡️ Export basket now reaches 100+ countries 📍 Rise of Private Sector & MSMEs ✅ 16,000 MSMEs now part of defence ecosystem ✅ Private sector share: 23% (up from 21%) ✅ 788 industrial licences issued to 462 companies 📍 Policy Reforms Driving Growth • DAP 2020: Indian-IDDM priority, faster approvals, tech-led procurement • DPM 2025: Simplifies revenue procurement; digital, uniform, EoDB focus • FDI liberalised to 74% automatic / 100% govt route • Positive Indigenisation Lists • ₹1 lakh crore R&D & Innovation Scheme 📍 Defence Industrial Corridors • UP + Tamil Nadu corridors → ₹9,145 crore investment, 289 MoUs → Potential: ₹66,423 crore 📍 Record Defence Contracts • FY 2024–25: 193 contracts worth ₹2,09,050 crore → 177 contracts to Indian industry (₹1,68,922 crore) 📍 Major DAC Approvals (2025) • Indigenous T-90 engines, Varunastra torpedoes, AEW&C systems • Armoured Recovery Vehicles, EW systems, Surface-to-Air Missiles • MALE RPAs for tri-services • Landing Platform Docks, Naval Guns, ALWT torpedoes 📍 Why It Matters (Exam Angle) • Atmanirbhar Bharat • Strategic autonomy • Defence industrial base development • Export-led foreign policy tool • Procurement reforms (DAP/DPM) • MSME-led manufacturing ecosystem 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “India’s defence production ecosystem is undergoing a structural transformation driven by procurement reforms and private sector participation. Discuss.” #Defence

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