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🔆 Social Security Boost for India’s Gig Workers 📍 Why in Focus? ✅ India’s gig workforce projected to grow from 1 crore in 2024–25 to 2.35 crore by 2029–30. ✅ Govt initiatives like Code on Social Security, 2020 and e-Shram portal are bringing gig & platform workers under welfare nets. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Code on Social Security, 2020 gives legal recognition, merging 9 earlier labour laws; extends benefits like insurance, maternity, old-age protection. ✅ e-Shram Portal: Over 30.98 crore registrations; includes 3.37 lakh platform workers; top states: UP (8.39 cr), Bihar (3.0 cr), WB (2.64 cr). ✅ Women participation strong: UP (4.41 cr), Bihar (1.72 cr), WB (1.44 cr). ✅ Union Budget 2025–26: ID cards & AB-PMJAY health cover of ₹5 lakh planned for platform workers. 📍 Challenges / Issues: ✅ Implementation of AB-PMJAY for gig workers still pending. ✅ Awareness, digital literacy, and consistent registration drives needed. ✅ Ensuring aggregator platforms contribute to the Social Security Fund.

✅ Prelims Question: Which of the following statements about the Code on Social Security, 2020 is correct? A. It only applies to organised sector employees. B. It repeals nine earlier labour laws. C. It excludes gig and platform workers from coverage. D. It is implemented only at the state level. Ans: B

✅ Mains Question: “India’s gig and platform economy is a double-edged sword, offering opportunities but raising challenges for worker welfare.” Critically analyse the government’s policy response, including the Code on Social Security 2020 and e-Shram portal. (250 words)

✨ #LabourReforms #GigEconomy #SocialSecurity

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11 Years of PM Jan Dhan Yojana: Banking the Unbanked 🔆Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) ✅It was launched by PM Modi in August 2014. ✅Benefits under PMJDY One basic savings bank account is opened for unbanked people. ✅Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.1 lakh (enhanced to Rs. 2 lakh to new PMJDY accounts opened after 28.8.2018) is available with RuPay card issued to the PMJDY account holders. ✅An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders is available. ✅PMJDY accounts are eligible for 🔸Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), 🔸Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), 🔸Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), 🔸Atal Pension Yojana (APY), 🔸Micro Units Development & 🔸Refinance Agency Bank (MUDRA) scheme. #government_scheme Join @PIB_UPSC @upsc_government_scheme

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11 Years of PM Jan Dhan Yojana: Banking the Unbanked 🔆Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) ✅It was launched by PM Modi in August 2014. ✅Benefits under PMJDY One basic savings bank account is opened for unbanked people. ✅Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.1 lakh (enhanced to Rs. 2 lakh to new PMJDY accounts opened after 28.8.2018) is available with RuPay card issued to the PMJDY account holders. ✅An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders is available. ✅PMJDY accounts are eligible for 🔸Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), 🔸Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), 🔸Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), 🔸Atal Pension Yojana (APY), 🔸Micro Units Development & 🔸Refinance Agency Bank (MUDRA) scheme. #government_scheme Join @PIB_UPSC @upsc_government_scheme

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🔆 India’s Bioeconomy to Touch $300 Billion by 2030, Says Dr. Jitendra Singh 📍 Why in Focus? India’s bioeconomy is set to reach $300 billion by 2030, driven by the BioE3 Policy which aims to boost biomanufacturing, sustainable agriculture, and employment. This policy is now being enhanced by the launch of youth challenges and a national biofoundry network. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Bioeconomy Growth: India’s bioeconomy grew from $10 billion in 2014 to $165.7 billion in 2024. ✅ BioE3 Policy: Launched the BioE3 Challenge for youth, promoting biotech innovations in environment and health. ✅ National Biofoundry Network: Establishment of biofoundries to support indigenous biomanufacturing. 📍 Challenges / Issues / Implications: ✅ Lack of infrastructure in some regions for biomanufacturing and research. ✅ Scalability concerns with growing demand for biotechnological solutions. ✅ Need for increased funding and partnerships to meet 2030 targets.

✅ Prelims Question (MCQ style): What is the target size of India’s bioeconomy by 2030? A. $200 billion B. $300 billion C. $500 billion D. $600 billion Ans: B

✅ Mains Question: Discuss the key components of India’s BioE3 policy and how it aims to position the country as a global leader in biomanufacturing and sustainable innovation by 2030.

✨ #Bioeconomy #BioE3Policy #Biomanufacturing #economy

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🔆 Giant Human Antibody (IgM) Acts Like a Mechanical Brace Against Bacterial Toxins 📍 What’s New? ✅ IgM, the largest antibody produced by the human immune system, does more than just bind to pathogens. ✅ It mechanically stabilizes bacterial toxins, preventing them from damaging our cells. ✅ This stabilizing effect is concentration-dependent — more IgM = stronger protection. ✅ Inspired by mechanical engineering, this opens a new therapeutic strategy: using antibodies to physically stiffen and disarm harmful proteins. 📍 Mechanism ✅ Study focused on Protein L, a “superantigen” from Finegoldia magna bacterium. ✅ Using single-molecule force spectroscopy, researchers showed: → IgM binds at multiple points on Protein L → Creates molecular tension → Prevents the toxin from unfolding or breaking under physiological stress 📍 Why It Matters ✅ Highlights a new function of antibodies — not just biochemical binders, but also mechanical defenders ✅ Could lead to therapies for toxin-neutralization, antibiotic resistance, or mechanical stress-induced infection ✅ New path in precision immunotherapy

🧠 Prelims Question Q. Which of the following antibodies in the human immune system is the largest and plays a mechanical stabilizing role against bacterial toxins? a) IgA b) IgG c) IgM d) IgE ✅ Answer: (c) IgM

📜 Mains Question Q. Discuss the recent discovery of IgM’s mechanical stabilizing role in immunity and its significance in future immunotherapy.

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🔆 PM Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) 📍 Empowering mothers, shaping generations ✅ Launched: 1st Jan 2017 under Mission Shakti ✅ Ministry: Women & Child Development ✅ Type: Maternity Benefit Scheme (National Food Security Act, 2013) 📍 Key Features ✅ ₹5,000 for 1st live birth; ₹6,000 for 2nd girl child (PMMVY 2.0) ✅ Linked with Janani Suraksha Yojana (₹6,000+) ✅ Encourages institutional delivery, nutrition & girl child welfare ✅ Applicable for working women to compensate wage loss 📍 Why it matters ✅ Every 3rd woman in India is undernourished, 2nd woman anaemic ✅ Poor maternal nutrition → low birth weight → lifelong health deficits ✅ PMMVY supports nutrition, rest, breastfeeding in 1st 6 months 📍 PMMVY 2.0 Highlights (since April 2022) ✅ Covers 2nd live girl child (promotes positive gender norms) ✅ Part of Samarthya under Mission Shakti for economic empowerment ✅ Implemented via states/districts under new digital monitoring 📍 Digital Reforms & Delivery ✅ Aadhaar-based DBT with facial recognition & UIDAI/NPCI verification ✅ Real-time updates via SMS in 12 languages ✅ Field-level access via PMMVY mobile app & portal ✅ Toll-free helpline (14408), multilingual grievance redressal 📍 Conclusion PMMVY ensures nutrition + financial support + gender equity — enabling women-led development from the start of motherhood itself. With digital governance and doorstep delivery, it safeguards both mother and child. #WomenEmpowerment #MatruVandana

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