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​​What are Security Mirrors? Security mirrors are convex mirrors designed to improve visibility in areas where surveillance and safety are important. They are often used in places like retail stores, warehouses, parking lots, and intersections to reduce blind spots, monitor activity, and prevent accidents or theft. Convex Shape: Security mirrors are typically convex, meaning they have a curved, outward-bulging surface. This shape allows them to provide a wide-angle view, enabling someone to see around corners, monitor large areas, or observe places that are difficult to see directly. Wider Field of View: The convex design reflects light in a way that covers a broader area than a flat mirror would. This lets you see more of the surroundings, making them ideal for monitoring blind spots or areas that would otherwise be obscured. Security mirrors are used at blind corners or intersections in buildings, driveways, or parking lots to help prevent accidents by allowing drivers or pedestrians to see oncoming traffic. In retail stores or warehouses, security mirrors help staff monitor areas that are out of their direct line of sight, making it easier to deter shoplifting or ensure safety in large spaces.

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​​How 3D movies are produced? A 3D movie is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception by employing stereoscopic film techniques. This is achieved by recording images from two slightly different perspectives, mimicking the way human eyes perceive depth and form a three-dimensional view of the world. When these images are simultaneously projected onto a screen and viewed through special glasses, the brain integrates them into a single three-dimensional image.  Different cameras system used to record 3D movies. Dual Camera Rig: Two cameras mounted side by side or vertically to capture stereoscopic 3D images. Mirror Rig: Uses mirrors to redirect light to two cameras, creating a compact 3D camera system. Integrated 3D Cameras: Single cameras with dual lenses, like the Arri Alexa 3D or RED Epic 3D. Technologies Used: Stereoscopic 3D: Captures two separate images, one for each eye. Autostereoscopic 3D: Captures multiple views, allowing for glasses-free 3D. Light Field Technology: Captures light intensity and direction for advanced 3D.

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​​​​What is Cultured Meat? Cultured meat is meat produced by in vitro cultivation of animal cells, instead of from slaughtered animals. It is a form of cellular agriculture. Cultured meat is produced using many of the same tissue engineering techniques traditionally used in regenerative medicine.The concept of cultured meat was popularized by Jason Matheny in the early 2000s after co-authoring a seminal paper on cultured meat production and creating New Harvest, the world's first non-profit organization dedicated to supporting in vitro meat research. The objective of this process is to recreate the complex structure of livestock muscles with a few cells. A biopsy is taken from a live animal. This piece of muscle will be cut to liberate the stem cells, which have the ability to proliferate but can also transform themselves into different types of cells, such as muscle cells and fat cells. The cells will start to divide after they are cultured in an appropriate culture medium, which will provide nutrients, hormones and growth factors. The best medium is known to contain fetal bovine serum (FBS), a serum made from the blood of a dead calf, which is going to be rate-limiting, and not acceptable for vegetarians nor vegans. More than one trillion cells can be grown, and these cells naturally merge to form myotubes which are no longer than 0.3 mm; the myotubes are then placed in a ring growing into a small piece of muscle tissue as described in different reviews. This piece of muscle can multiply up to more than a trillion strands. These fibers are attached to a sponge-like scaffold that floods the fibers with nutrients and mechanically stretches them, “exercising” the muscle cells to increase their size and protein content. Based on this process, fewer animals will be necessary to produce huge amounts of meat due to cell proliferation, thereby avoiding killing as too many animals but potentially lots of calves if FBS is still used.

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​​Why Surgical Lamps don’t cast shadows? Surgery lamps, also known as surgical lights or operating lights, are designed to provide high-intensity, focused lighting for surgeons during medical procedures. One of the key features of these lamps is that they are designed to minimize shadows.There are several reasons why surgery lamps are able to reduce or eliminate shadows, Multiple light sources: Surgery lamps often have multiple light sources, typically in the form of LEDs or halogen bulbs, that are arranged in a specific pattern. This allows the light to come from multiple angles, reducing the likelihood of shadows. Diffusion: Some surgery lamps use a diffuser, which is a translucent or semi-transparent material that scatters the light in different directions. This helps to soften the light and reduce shadows. Polarization: Some surgery lamps use polarized light, which can help to reduce glare and shadows. Polarized light is filtered to only allow light waves of a certain orientation to pass through, which can help to reduce reflections and shadows. Beam shaping: Surgery lamps often have a beam-shaping system that allows the light to be focused and directed precisely where it is needed. This can help to reduce shadows by ensuring that the light is only illuminating the area of interest. Shadow-reducing optics: Some surgery lamps use specialized optics, such as aspheric lenses or Fresnel lenses, that are designed to reduce shadows. These optics can help to bend and shape the light in ways that minimize shadows. Overall, the combination of multiple light sources, diffusion, polarization, beam shaping, and shadow-reducing optics all work together to help minimize shadows in surgery lamps.

​​Why are Printed Circuit Boards usually green in colour? A ‘green’ printed circuit board is not actually green all the way through. The only green part is the outer covering of resin called the solder mask or solder resist/oil. This is a hardened resin with colored pigments that is applied to the boards in a silkscreen fashion. The purpose of solder mask is to protect the electronic traces underneath from moisture and dust and to control the flow of molten solder. The actual core of a typical FR-4 circuit board is a plain, dull, yellow color, but the solder mask can come in many colors such as blue, red, yellow, black and white. Even more exotic colors can be found for the extravagant such as orange, pink, purple, matte versions and even mixed color boards. So, the question remains, why green? Green can relieve visual fatigue and aid in inspections. Other colors may not provide sufficient contrast for component visibility. Some colors can interfere with automated optical inspection (AOI) systems. - High-frequency or high-power PCBs might use different colors (e.g., red or blue) for better thermal dissipation. - Specialty PCBs, like those for medical or aerospace applications, may use unique colors. The green color has become an industry standard, but advancements in materials and designs may lead to more varied color options.

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What is the difference between cold-blooded and warm-blooded? ​​The main difference between warm-blooded (endothermic) and cold-blooded (ectothermic) animals lies in their ability to regulate body temperature: Warm-blooded (Endothermic) Animals: -Maintain constant body temperature: Regardless of environmental temperature. -Generate heat internally: Through metabolic processes, like cellular respiration. -Sweat to cool down: To regulate temperature when it gets too high. Examples: Mammals (humans, dogs, bears), birds, and some fish (like sharks). Cold-blooded (Ectothermic) Animals: -Body temperature varies with environment: They absorb heat from their surroundings. -Rely on external heat sources: Like sunlight, water, or air temperature. -Bask to warm up: Expose themselves to heat sources to increase body temperature. Examples: Reptiles (snakes, lizards, turtles), amphibians (frogs, toads), fish (most species), and insects. Key differences: - Thermoregulation: Warm-blooded animals control their temperature internally, while cold-blooded animals rely on external sources. - Metabolism: Warm-blooded animals have a faster metabolism to generate heat, while cold-blooded animals have a slower metabolism. - Activity levels: Warm-blooded animals can maintain activity levels regardless of temperature, while cold-blooded animals are often more active in warmer temperatures.

​​​​What is Cabin Pressure and Why do we need to maintain it in Aeroplane? Earth's atmospheric pressure varies with altitude. At the Earth's surface(sea level) , It is measured at 14.7 pounds per square inch(P.S.I) - which human beings are accustomed to because it provides the optimum amount of Oxygen. As Aeroplane ascends to higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure decreases. There isn't oxygen to breathe and humans cannot survive more than a minute at such altitudes.In order to prevent this from happening , Cabin Pressure is maintained at appropriate levels. To maintain the pressure in the cabin equal to that at low altitude, even while the airplane is at 30,000 feet, the incoming air is held within the cabin by opening and closing an outflow valve, which releases the incoming air at a rate regulated by pressure sensors. Think of a pressurized cabin as a balloon that has a leak but is being inflated continuously.

​​What is Narco Test? A person is able to lie by using his imagination. In the Narco Analysis Test, the subject's imagination is neutralised by making him semi-conscious. In this state, it becomes difficult for him to lie and his answers would be restricted to facts he is already aware of. Experts inject the subject with Sodium Pentothal or Sodium Amytal. The dose is dependent on the person's sex, age, health and physical condition. A wrong dose can result in a person going into a coma, or even death. The subject is not in a position to speak up on his own but can answer specific but simple questions. The answers are believed to be spontaneous as a semi-conscious person is unable to manipulate the answers. Sodium pentothal, or sodium thiopental, is a fast-acting, short-duration anaesthetic used in larger doses to sedate patients during surgery. It belongs to the barbiturate class of drugs that act on the central nervous system as depressants. Because the drug is believed to weaken the subject’s resolve to lie, it is sometimes referred to as a “truth serum” and is said to have been used by intelligence operatives during World War II.

​​What is Narco Test? A person is able to lie by using his imagination. In the Narco Analysis Test, the subject's imagination is neutralised by making him semi-conscious. In this state, it becomes difficult for him to lie and his answers would be restricted to facts he is already aware of. Experts inject the subject with Sodium Pentothal or Sodium Amytal. The dose is dependent on the person's sex, age, health and physical condition. A wrong dose can result in a person going into a coma, or even death. The subject is not in a position to speak up on his own but can answer specific but simple questions. The answers are believed to be spontaneous as a semi-conscious person is unable to manipulate the answers. Sodium pentothal, or sodium thiopental, is a fast-acting, short-duration anaesthetic used in larger doses to sedate patients during surgery. It belongs to the barbiturate class of drugs that act on the central nervous system as depressants. Because the drug is believed to weaken the subject’s resolve to lie, it is sometimes referred to as a “truth serum” and is said to have been used by intelligence operatives during World War II.

Open Doors is an Olympiad that will change your future for the better! Unlock the opportunity to study for free at one of Russia's top universities on Master's and Doctoral (PhD-equivalent) programs. Become a highly skilled specialist, equipped with valuable hard and soft skills and robust theoretical knowledge. This is your chance to achieve remarkable success! Explore your new horizons and participate in the Open Doors Olympiad online. Visit the website to discover more details about the available subjects, the Olympiad's rounds, and the participating universities. 

Open Doors is an Olympiad that will change your future for the better! Unlock the opportunity to study for free at one of Russia's top universities on Master's and Doctoral (PhD-equivalent) programs. Become a highly skilled specialist, equipped with valuable hard and soft skills and robust theoretical knowledge. This is your chance to achieve remarkable success! Explore your new horizons and participate in the Open Doors Olympiad online. Visit the website to discover more details about the available subjects, the Olympiad's rounds, and the participating universities. 

​​What’s the Difference Between Copyright and Copyleft? Intellectual property is a valuable asset for your business and it’s important that you take the necessary steps to secure its protection. One type of intellectual property that a business can own is copyright. This gives the owner an exclusive right of the copyright material to reproduce, reuse and republish it. However, there is a school of thought that seeks to override copyright and allow anyone to modify specific pieces of work. This form of licensing is known as copyleft and is commonly used in relation to software development.  Copyright- Copyright attaches automatically to original artistic works. Therefore, you don’t need to register the right. When an author or creator expresses the idea in material form, the work gains copyright protection. Accordingly, you don’t have to publish material work for it to be afforded protection under copyright law. Copyleft- Copyleft, as the name suggests, heads in the opposite direction to copyright. Playing on the word ‘copyright’, copyleft overrides copyright and promotes the concept that materials should be: freely used, copied and modified by others. Copyleft also requires that all versions of the material that users modify are freely accessible so that others can use and modify it.  The principles of copyleft are commonly used within the software industry, where source code is often free for anyone to modify.

​​Why so some lifters pass out from Heavy Deadlifts? Weightlifting is an anaerobic exercise. The reason lifters pass out is due to a phenomenon called orthostatic intolerance: the body's inability to quickly vasoconstrict when blood pressure drops suddenly. When lifters pick up heavy weights, their blood pressure soars and their blood vessels dilate. Lifters experience a drop in blood pressure when they drop the weight, because their blood vessels remain dilated despite the weight being removed. The blood pressure can drop so much that the brain is starved for a split second, triggering a syncopal response. The body's response to this sudden drop in blood pressure is syncope, causing lifters to faint and fall horizontally, which enables blood to reach the brain once again.

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