VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
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Trying to be the person that my younger self needed🙂. Pls Read the pinned messages and FAQs before texting me Formerly called UPSC highlights,All the work done on this channel is in tandem with fair use policy of IPR laws. Enquiries : @vk_ias
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✅Gs-2 : Governance- Accountability and Transparency
➡️The framework for this topic is given in this link-> click here
🅾️The recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) 2023 created a problem- Under Section 8(1)(j) of the RTI Act, “personal information” could be withheld only if it had no public interest relevance. The DPDPA expands this protection by completely exempting personal data disclosure, even when it concerns public officials. This means a citizen seeking details about an official’s expenditure, recruitment decisions, or asset declarations could now face denial — all in the name of privacy.
🅾️Also in the past- we have to know the effect of Girish Ramchandra Deshpande Case (2012): This judgment became the benchmark for rejecting RTI requests related to officials’ performance, transfers, or disciplinary actions — treating all such data as “personal"- Click here
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
This program can solve your mains answer writing skills( even if you did not finish your syllabus ) as well prelims problems!
https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
Hammasini ko'rsatish...
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✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights- Environmental Rights
✅Gs-3 : Environment
🅾️The Great Nicobar project plans to build a port, power plant, township, and airport — affecting 13,000 hectares of pristine forest in a biodiversity hotspot. Forest Rights Act (2006) mandates prior consent from tribal communities before diverting forest land.
🅾️Reports show that this consent process may not have been completed transparently.Humans depend on nature, but ecosystems have no representation. The Niyamgiri case (2013) set the precedent that local Gram Sabhas can veto projects on tribal land. So Giving nature “legal personhood” ensures balance-thats the main point of this article.
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✅Gs-1 : Indian society- Demographic studies
🅾️Why do we need a demographic mission? - India needs to replace its “population-control mindset” with a “demographic strategy mindset”. Here we should recognise migration, ageing, skill distribution, and inclusion as the building blocks of future development rather than mere statistical phenomena.
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Reminder- Especially for candidates who wrote mains recently.
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How to utilize these 3-4 months?- A strategy session on the same will be taken tomorrow at 11 AM- Register here - Click here
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✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights- Health
✅Gs-2 : Health- Mental Health
🅾️Context : Supreme Court judgment in Sukdeb Saha vs State of Andhra PradeshCase: Click here
⚠️India faces a silent epidemic of mental health distress -> We have suicide spikes and farmer distress , urban burnout and digital isolation. Despite the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, the response remains fragmented, reactive, and underfunded ( Only 0.75 psychiatrists / lakh population (vs WHO norm: 3)-India spends <1% of total health budget on mental health.
🌟ETHICS link : Mental illness is socially seen as weakness, not illness — an attitude failure rooted in ignorance.
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✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights- Art 22- Preventive Detention
🅾️If i have to explain the gist of this article in a simple way- this is how i can put it- The Constitution allowed preventive detention out of fear- i.e. attack on National security.
⚜️Courts preserved it out of caution- because preventive detention is an exceptional power in a rule-of-law State, valid only when the State proves restraint. So we can say that democracy can justify it only through self-restraint.
🅾️Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978)-Any detention law now had to pass the test of reasonableness under Articles 14, 19, 21.
🅾️Rekha v. State of Tamil Nadu (2011) – PD ≠ Substitute for Criminal Law
🅾️Banka Sneha Sheela v. State of Telangana (2021) – Economic Offences ≠ Public Order
🅾️Telangana HC (2023): Detention of habitual offenders struck down
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✅Gs-3 : Mobilization of Resources- Capital formation issues
🅾️PYQ : “Explain the meaning of investment in an economy in terms of capital formation. Discuss the factors responsible for low capital formation in India.”
🅾️PYQ 2016: “Explain how globalisation has led to the reduction of employment in the formal sector of the Indian economy.”
🔰Why invest domestically now :
⚜️1. Demand - (multiplier): capex → jobs → incomes → consumption → higher capacity utilisation → more capex.
⚜️2. Competitiveness-productivity : scale, technology, and supply-chain deepening reduce costs and import dependence; future-proofs exports.
⚜️3.Stability -resilience: more domestic capacity cushions external shocks, narrows CAD, and supports the rupee.
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@hinduhighlights for News analysis
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✅Gs-3 : Mobilization of resources- Banking
🅾️Evolution of digital currencies - Stable coins
🅾️Traditional cross-border payments are slow, costly, and depend on intermediaries like SWIFT and banks. so we want a faster, cheaper, transparent, and programmable global payment system.UPSC often tests how technology reduces transaction costs and increases inclusion...e.g., UPI, JAM trinity, CBDC. Stablecoins are the next evolution in this chain.
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@hinduhighlights for News analysis
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✅Gs-2 : IR- West
🅾️India’s Imperative: Stay non-aligned in spirit, multi-aligned in practice. Convert diplomatic flexibility into economic outcomes.
⚠️Europe’s main worry: security against Russia but U.S.’s main worry: containing China in the Indo-Pacific.
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://t.me/UPSC_PSIR_IR
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✅Lekhana- 2026 Program Brochure - Click here
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
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✅Gs-2 : Judiciary -Issues with judicial vacations and functioning of judiciary
🅾️Judicial delays stem largely from vacancies (over 35%), inadequate infrastructure, and governments being the biggest litigant, not from judges’ unwillingness to work.
🅾️Courts don’t invent procedure; they implement laws made by Parliament. Case backlogs exceed 4.4 crore, but reforms (like all-India judicial service or modern court management) move slowly.
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✅Lekhana- 2026 Program Brochure - Click here
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
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🅾️Register here : https://www.vkias.com/courses
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✅Gs-3 : Disaster management- The direction that india should take
🅾️Q) India’s disaster management architecture is evolving into a human-centred, evidence-driven, ecologically balanced, and globally networked system. Explain.
⚜️Ans : Goal: Shift from post-disaster response → pre-disaster resilience.“Saving lives before disaster strikes” is a moral obligation, not just administrative efficiency.
🌟PM’s Ten-Point Agenda (2016)
⚜️1. Technology- Use of remote sensing, GIS, and site-specific weather stations to assess glacial lakes, slope instability, and flood-prone zones.
⚜️2. Finance- 15th FC- Resource Allocation (2021–26)
⚜️3. Nature-based solutions- restoring wetlands, river basins, and urban green spaces — showing that resilience isn’t engineered against nature, but through it.
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✅Gs-2 : Judiciary - Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
🅾️The doctrine of Panch Parmeshwar reflects India’s age-old belief in consensus-based justice, where community elders settled disputes through dialogue and moral reasoning rather than adversarial trials. Modern Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) ... mediation, conciliation, and Lok Adalats, revives this tradition within a legal framework. Instead of “disposing of cases,” the aim should be restoring relationships and fairness.ADR does this by converting dispute resolution into dialogue resolution where understanding replaces confrontation.
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