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🔆 J&K Launches First-Ever Limestone Block Auction 📍 New Industrial Push under MMDR Act 📍 Key Highlights ✅ Union Minister G. Kishan Reddy launched J&K’s first-ever auction of limestone mineral blocks. ✅ Marks a major step in adopting a transparent, digital, auction-based system for mineral allocation under MMDR Act, 2015. ✅ Seven limestone blocks across Anantnag, Rajouri & Poonch, covering ~314 hectares, opened for auction. ✅ Classified under UNFC G3 & G4 stages—high industrial potential. ✅ Expected to boost cement & construction sectors and drive new economic growth in the Union Territory. 📍 Why It Matters ✅ Positions J&K among progressive States/UTs adopting modern mining reforms. ✅ Supports industrial investment, job creation & mineral-based development. ✅ Reinforces Centre’s aim to make mineral wealth a new growth engine for J&K. 🔹 Mains Question: “Discuss how transparent mineral auctions under the MMDR Act can contribute to economic development and industrial growth in resource-rich regions like Jammu & Kashmir.” #Minerals #Economy

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🔆 India’s Stand on Just Transition at CoP30 📍 Core Message India demanded a global equity–centred, people-centric Just Transition, respecting national circumstances and avoiding one-size-fits-all models. 📍 Key Points from India’s Statement ✅ Just Transition = economy-wide, inclusive, people-centred transformation, not limited to the energy sector. ✅ Must ensure: Resilience, livelihood protection, employment, poverty eradication, food security, social protection. ✅ Every country must retain the ability to chart its own development pathway based on priorities & capacities. ✅ Strong emphasis on nationally determined, demand-driven approaches — not prescriptive frameworks. 📍 Concerns Raised by India ⚠️ Emerging unilateral trade-restrictive climate measures undermine: • Equity • Justice • Fair global transition ➡️ Called them major dis-enablers for developing countries. 📍 India’s Demands • Creation of a Just Transition Mechanism for Developing Countries (under UAE Work Programme). • Adequate finance, technology, capacity building — aligned with national conditions. • Strengthened multilateralism + accessible mechanisms for support. • Implementation must reflect CBDR–RC (Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities). 📍 Bottom Line India stressed that developing countries need policy space to bridge development gaps and ensure the well-being of people based on their developmental stage. 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Why is India insisting on a people-centric and equity-based Just Transition model in global climate negotiations? Analyse in the context of CoP30 deliberations.” #environment

Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSH) Code, 2020

🔆 Code on Wages, 2019 – Key Points 📍 Overview ✅ Merges 4 laws: Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Wages Act, Payment of Bonus Act, Equal Remuneration Act. ✅ Aims: Universal wage coverage, simplification, equity, formalisation. 📍 Core Provisions ✅ Universal Minimum Wages for all employees. ✅ Floor Wage by Centre → States cannot go below it. ✅ Standardised definition of “Wages” (Basic+DA+Retaining allowance). ✅ Simplified compliance → Rules 163→58, Forms 20→6, Registers 24→2. ✅ Working hours: Max 48 hrs/week, 12 hrs/day, OT = 2× wage. ✅ Timely wage payment; mandatory wage slips. ✅ Gender equality → No discrimination + 1/3 women in Advisory Boards. ✅ Inspector-cum-Facilitator → Tech-based, non-adversarial inspections. ✅ Decriminalisation → Monetary penalties for first offences. 📍 Impact ✅ Stronger wage protection ✅ Less exploitation & better equity ✅ Ease of doing business ✅ Boost to women’s participation ✅ Support to formalisation 📍 Mains Question “Evaluate the significance of the Code on Wages, 2019 in improving labour welfare while promoting ease of doing business in India.” #LabourReforms

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🔆 World Toilet Day 2025: Advancing Sanitation for Dignity & Planet 📍 Introduction World Toilet Day 2025 highlights India’s push for sustainable sanitation, dignity, and environmental stewardship—aligned with the PM’s vision under Swachh Bharat Mission. 📍 Key Highlights ✅ MoHUA launched ‘Toilet Paas Hai’ & ‘Main Saaf Hi Achha Hoon’ campaigns to promote responsible toilet use. ✅ Sulabh International & World Toilet Organization kicked off a 3-day World Toilet Summit with 25+ countries and global partners (HUL, BMGF, World Bank). ✅ India’s milestone: Declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) in 2019 within 5 years of SBM launch. 📍 Sanitation Progress in India ✅ SBM-U 2.0 expanded focus from ODF → ODF+ → ODF++, stressing safe sanitation & faecal sludge management. ✅ 55 million urban residents gained safely managed sanitation access in the last 2 years (WHO–UNICEF JMP 2024). ✅ Improved sanitation contributed to reduced infant & under-five mortality. 📍 Key Challenges & Solutions ✅ Rapid urbanisation & migration increasing pressure on toilet infrastructure. ✅ Climate change requires climate-resilient sanitation systems. ✅ Ministry advancing sanitation via AMRUT, Namami Gange, sewage treatment in coastal & river areas. ✅ Startups encouraged through Swachhata Startup Challenge & Toilet Design Challenge. 📍 Conclusion India’s sanitation journey now focuses on quality, sustainability, and circular economy practices, aiming to ensure every citizen has access to safe and dignified sanitation. 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Evaluate the progress of Swachh Bharat Mission in improving sanitation outcomes in India. What challenges remain in ensuring climate-resilient and inclusive sanitation systems?” #environment

​"Ek Kamra, Ek Sapna, aur Aakhri 6 Mahine CSP26" ​Kabhi-kabhi lagta hai na ki hum thahar gaye hain, aur waqt bhaag raha hai? Subah aankh khulti hai toh wahi chhat dikhti hai, wahi Laxmikanth, wahi notes. Bahar dekho toh dost aage badh gaye, rishtedaar taane maar rahe hain, aur hum? Hum bas apne 10x10 ke kamre mein 'IAS' banne ka khawab paale baithe hain. ​Sach kahun? Darr lagta hai. Bahut darr lagta hai. ​Jab din ke targets pure nahi hote aur raat ko bistar par let kar khud ko koso. ​Jab YPT kholo aur dekho ki duniya 14 ghante padh rahi hai aur humse 6 ghante bhi dhang se nahi hua. ​Jab Maa-Baap ki ummeedon ka bojha seene par patthar ki tarah lagta hai. ​Aur sabse bada darr... "Agar nahi hua toh?" Kya wo insaan mera saath dega jise main toot kar chahta hoon? Ya meri naakaami humein alag kar degi? Ye khayal rooh kampa deta hai. ​Ansoon aate hain, aane do. Ghabrahat hoti hai, hone do. ​Lekin suno... Ye jo ghutan hai, ye jo pressure hai—ye tumhe todne ke liye nahi, tumhe "Tarashne" ke liye hai. Sona (Gold) bhi tapne ke baad hi chamakta hai. ​Tumhare paas ab 180 din hain. In 180 dino ke liye apne dil ke darwaze par "Do Not Disturb" laga do. Apne emotions, apna darr, apni insecurities sabko ek bakse mein band karke kone mein rakh do. ​Agar wo rishta saccha hai, toh wo tumhari struggle samjhega. Aur agar wo tumhari safalta ka mohtaaj hai, toh wo pyaar tha hi nahi. Isliye darna chhod do. ​Utho. Aansu ponchho aur table par baitho. Duniya ko lagne do ki tum haar gaye ho, shant ho gaye ho. Kyunki sher shikaar karne se pehle khamosh hi hota hai. ​6 mahine. Sirf tum aur tumhari kitabein. Khud ko itna nichod do ki jab aaine mein dekho toh garv ho ki "Maine apna 100% diya." ​Rona band, ladna shuru. Kyunki is kahani ka "Happy Ending" tumhe hi likhna hai. ​All the best. Phod denge. 🔥 https://t.me/anmolvachan1

🔆 World Fisheries Day 2025 📍 India’s Status ✅ World’s 2nd-largest fish producer ✅ Fisheries support 30 million livelihoods ✅ Core pillar of India’s Blue Economy 📍 Production & Exports ✅ Fish production: 96 lakh t (2013–14) → 195 lakh t (2024–25) ✅ Seafood exports: ₹62,408 crore (2024–25) ✅ Marine exports up 11% (2024 → 2025) ✅ GST on key fish products reduced to 5% 📍 Major Schemes & Measures PMMSY (₹20,312 cr) • Cold chain, transport, landing centres expansion • 100 climate-resilient coastal villages • Women: 60% assistance Sustainable Harnessing Rules, 2025 • Priority to FFPOs for deep-sea fishing • Digital access pass (ReALCRaft) • Ban on destructive fishing Digital Tracking • 36,000+ transponders installed • NABHMITRA safety system Marine Fisheries Census 2025 • 1st fully digital, geo-referenced census • Covers 1.2M households using VyAS apps PM-MKSSY (₹6,000 cr) • Aquaculture insurance up to ₹1 lakh • 40% premium support FIDF (₹7,522 cr) • Infra loans + 3% interest subvention 📍 Theme 2025 “India’s Blue Transformation: Strengthening Value Addition in Seafood Exports.” 📍 UPSC Angles • Blue Economy • Sustainable fisheries • Digital governance & traceability • Climate-resilient coastal livelihoods 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “How is India transforming its fisheries sector through digital governance and sustainability initiatives under the Blue Economy framework?” #BlueEconomy #economy

🔆 NeGD “Drone & Its Applications” Programme 📍 What’s the News? The National e-Governance Division (NeGD), under MeitY, along with IIT Ropar, conducted a 3-day national training programme on Drone Technology & Applications (Nov 17–19, 2025). 🔆 Key Highlights (Super Short & Exam-Friendly) 📍 1. Purpose of the Programme • Capacity-building under Digital India • Equip govt officials with practical drone tech skills • Integrate drones into governance & service delivery 📍 2. Topics Covered • Drone regulations & frameworks • Digital Sky platform • Surveying & mapping • Agricultural use • Mining operations • Disaster management • Drone forensics • Anti-drone technologies 📍 3. Strong Focus on Practical Training • Live demos + field sessions • Hands-on drone flying, surveying, agriculture operations • Participants learned how drones enable scalable, cost-effective solutions in: – Agriculture – Resource management – Disaster response – Infrastructure monitoring 📍 4. Innovation Ecosystem Exposure • Visit to IIT Ropar’s Incubation Foundation • Interaction with drone startups • Insights into India’s rapidly expanding drone sector 📍 5. Why Important? • Bridges research ↔ governance • Helps officials apply drone tech in public service delivery • Supports citizen-centric, tech-driven governance • Participants from 25+ ministries & state departments 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Discuss how drone technology can transform governance and service delivery in India. Highlight the role of capacity-building programmes under Digital India.” #prelims #GS3 #science_and_technology #science_technology Join @PIB_UPSC @upsc_science_and_technology

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🔆 Flexible Piezoelectric Nanocomposites for Biomedical & Wearable Sensors 📍 What Was Developed? Researchers at CeNS (DST), Bengaluru fabricated a flexible piezoelectric device using: • Flower-shaped Tungsten Trioxide (WO₃) nanomaterial • Embedded in PVDF polymer matrix ➡️ Result: A wearable, flexible, energy-harvesting, pressure-sensing device ideal for biomedical use. 🔆 Why It Matters? Piezoelectric materials convert mechanical energy → electrical energy, enabling self-powered sensors. 📍 Key Technical Findings • Among four nanomaterial morphologies, nanoflowers showed: – Best interaction with PVDF – Highest surface charge – Highest piezoelectric phase • Optimization identified ideal nanofiller concentration • Device tested for self-powered energy-harvesting 🔆 Applications ✔ Wearable health monitoring systems ✔ Detects heartbeats, pulses, respiration, walking ✔ Converts body movements into electrical signals ✔ Enables real-time patient monitoring without external power ✔ Useful for smart textiles, biomedical devices, energy harvesting 🔆 Why Important for UPSC? • Links to Nanotechnology, DST, Mechatronics, Biomedical Engineering • Key for healthcare innovation, wearable sensors, precision medicine • Supports India’s push for intelligent, compact, sustainable medical tech 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Discuss the role of piezoelectric nanocomposites in advancing self-powered biomedical sensors. How can such technologies transform future healthcare systems?” #prelims #GS3 #science_and_technology #science_technology Join @PIB_UPSC @upsc_science_and_technology

🔆 India’s AVGC–XR Sector: Rapid Expansion & Policy Push 📍 Introduction India’s AVGC–XR sector (Animation, VFX, Gaming, Comics & Extended Reality) is undergoing rapid growth, backed by major reforms, global partnerships, and dedicated institutions. 📍 Key Facts ✅ India’s M&E sector projected to cross USD 100 billion by 2030. ✅ India offers a 40–60% cost advantage in animation/VFX services. ✅ Overseas viewership forms 25% of Indian OTT audiences. 📍 Institutional Boost ✅ AVGC Promotion Task Force (2022) → recommended National AVGC–XR Mission; projected 20 lakh jobs. ✅ Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) (2024–25) established as National Centre of Excellence. • Industry partners: Google, Microsoft, NVIDIA, Netflix, Meta, Adobe. • Courses in gaming, VFX, XR; startup incubator WaveX launched. 📍 Policy Support ✅ Cinematograph (Amendment) Act 2023 → strong anti-piracy laws; age-based certification; permanent validity. ✅ State Policies: • Karnataka AVGC–XR Policy (2024–29) • Maharashtra AVGC–XR Policy (2025) with ₹3,268 crore outlay ✅ India Cine Hub → single-window film facilitation. ✅ WAVES Summit 2025 → ₹1,328 crore business pipeline; global partnerships. 📍 Global Competence ✅ Indian studios contributed to Avatar, Thor, Game of Thrones, RRR (2,800+ VFX shots). ✅ Rise of India-made games: Raji, Indus Battle Royale. 📍 Conclusion India is positioning itself as a global creative-tech hub, driven by strong policy frameworks, institutional capacity, and expanding industry talent. 🔹 UPSC Mains Question: “Discuss how recent institutional and policy initiatives are shaping India’s AVGC–XR sector. What steps are needed to strengthen India’s position in the global creative economy?” #economy