UPSC GEOGRAPHY

■ EARTH’S MAGNETIC FIELD #Magneticfield ◇ A 'field' is a region in which a body experiences a force owing to the presence of other bodies. ◇ Gravitational fields determine how bodies with mass are attracted to each other. ◇ In electric fields, objects that have an electric charge are attracted or repelled from each other. ◇ Magnetic fields determine how electric currents that contain moving electric charges exert a force on other electric currents. ▪︎JOIN - @upsc_geography_notes

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■ SURGE TECTONICS #Interiorofearth ◇ Surge tectonics refers to the genesis of global surge waves caused by changes (weakening in the regional gravity fields due to upward movement of deformable magma in the surge channels in the lithosphere (crust, 100-200 km thick upper layer of the earth) lying above mantle. ◇ Strictly speaking, surge tectonics means upward motion of fluid magma in surge channels magma conduits), rise in temperature of regional oceanic water and consequent decrease in pressure and shift in regional gravity field of oceanic crust. ◇ The motions in the surge channels are caused by earth’s rotation. ◇ Magma, while rising through the surge channels, undergoes its transformation (deformation; i.e. it becomes lighter (decrease in density) and less compact and hence expands. ◇ This consequent expansion in magma reduces gravitational attraction in the surge channels and weakens the regional gravity fields. ▪︎JOIN - @upsc_geography_notes

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■ SEISMIC DISCONTINUITY #Interiorofearth ◇ Seismic discontinuities are the regions in the earth where seismic waves behave a lot different compared to the surrounding regions due to a marked change in physical or chemical properties. ◇ Mohorovicic Discontinuity (Moho): separates the crust from the mantle. ◇ Asthenosphere: highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductile part of mantle. ◇ Gutenberg Discontinuity: lies between the mantle and the outer core. ▪︎ JOIN - @upsc_geography_notes

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🚨🚨Important Announcement!! 🌸🌸Dear students,Geography Enrichment (GEO 300+) cum Test Series Main's 25 Program is starting from 2nd June!! Component 1: ☘️ Revise Syllabus with 300+ Qs ☘️ Based upon PYQ & Current Affair Themes ☘️ 50+ Enrichment Sessions ☘️ Integration of Thinkers, Case Studies etc ☘️ Hand written model answers Component 2: 👉10 Sectional & 4 Full Length Tests 👉 Handwritten Model Answers 👉 Personalised Evaluation by Shikha Ma’am. 👉 Guaranteed Evaluation in 3-4 Days 👉 Daily offline mentorship with Ankit.A geography topper **Admissions will be CLOSED once seats are filled! For Queries, Call at 9311082312 or fill the form at👇 https://forms.gle/dqijMWGvTa3BCU3N6 [CLICK HERE - To watch Topper's talk with AIR 67 - Farkhanda Qureshi & Shikha Ma'am]

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■ THE OUTER CORE #interiorofearth ◇ The outer core, surrounding the inner core, lies between 2900 km and 5100 km below the earth's surface. ◇ The outer core is composed of iron mixed with nickel (nife) and trace amounts of lighter elements. ◇ The outer core is not under enough pressure to be solid, so it is liquid even though it has a composition similar to the inner core. ◇ The density of the outer core ranges from 9.9 g/cm3 to 12.2 g/cm3 . ◇ The temperature of the outer core ranges from 4400 °C in the outer regions to 6000 °C near the inner core. ◇ Dynamo theory suggests that convection in the outer core, combined with the Coriolis effect, gives rise to Earth's magnetic field. ▪︎JOIN - @upsc_geography_notes

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Topper's talk with Farkhanda Qureshi | AIR 67 UPSC CSE 2024 | Geography Optional | SUNYA IAS https://youtube.com/live/qdtqI2Jv2sg