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🔆 India’s Textile Export Outlook & Govt Support 📍 Why in Focus? Despite global challenges and U.S. tariffs, India’s Textile & Apparel exports show stability in FY 2025. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Global T&A exports (Apr–Sep 2025): USD 18,235 mn → 0.1% growth. ✅ Tamil Nadu exports grew 2.6%; key clusters (Tirupur–Karur–Coimbatore) up 11.4%. ✅ Govt consultations with exporters/MSMEs ongoing to assess tariff impacts. ✅ Major support schemes: PM MITRA Parks, PLI (revised), National Technical Textiles Mission, SAMARTH, Silk Samagra-2, Handloom & Handicraft programmes. ✅ Duty exemption on cotton till 31 Dec 2025; GST rationalisation for cost reduction. ✅ Export schemes: RoSCTL, RoDTEP (extended till 31 Mar 2026), CGSE for credit guarantee, and Export Promotion Mission for trade finance + market readiness. ✅ 40-country diversification strategy to reduce dependence on U.S. market. 📍 Implications: ✅ Enhanced competitiveness of Indian textiles. ✅ Strong support for MSMEs & clusters (especially TN). ✅ Diversification protects India from tariff-related risks. ✅ Mains Question: Evaluate how recent government schemes and tariff-related measures are strengthening India’s textile exports amid global uncertainties. (150 words) #GS3 #GS2 #economy

🔆 Advanced Techniques to Boost Milk Productivity 📍 Why in Focus? Govt highlighted key breeding and dairy-support measures to raise national milk yield. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Expansion of Artificial Insemination, IVF, and sex-sorted semen to improve herd quality. ✅ Genomic chips (Gau & Mahish) to identify high-genetic-merit cattle/buffaloes. ✅ NPDD strengthening milk testing, chilling & cooperative dairy infra. ✅ NLM-EDP, AHIDF (3% subvention) and KCC support livestock enterprises. ✅ 1962 App offers ration-balancing advisory for scientific feeding. 📍 Implications: ✔️ Faster genetic upgradation ✔️ Stronger dairy value chain ✔️ Higher farmer incomes ✅ Mains Question: How are advanced breeding technologies and dairy infrastructure programmes improving India’s milk productivity? ✨ #GS3 #GS2

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🔆 Credit Assessment Model (CAM) for MSMEs 📍 Why in Focus? The government has launched CAM to strengthen digitally driven MSME loan appraisal and boost digital payments ecosystem. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ CAM uses digitally verifiable data for automated MSME loan appraisal and objective decisioning. ✅ Enables model-based limit assessment for Existing-to-Bank (ETB) & New-to-Bank (NTB) MSMEs. ✅ Govt, RBI & NPCI promoting digital payments via RuPay, BHIM-UPI (P2M) incentives & PIDF for POS/QR deployment. ✅ PM SVANidhi extended till 2030; loan slabs raised to ₹15,000, ₹25,000 & ₹50,000 with UPI-linked RuPay credit card. ✅ Cashback incentives encourage digital transactions by street vendors. 📍 Implications: ✅ Strengthens formal credit access for MSMEs. ✅ Expands digital payment infrastructure in underserved regions. ✅ Boosts financial inclusion for street vendors. ✅ Prelims Question: Which of the following correctly describes the Credit Assessment Model (CAM)? A. A credit score system for large industries only B. A digital data–driven model for automated MSME loan appraisal C. A subsidy scheme for digital payments D. A program for export promotion Ans: B ✅ Mains Question: Discuss how the Credit Assessment Model (CAM) and recent digital payment initiatives contribute to strengthening MSME credit access and financial inclusion in India. (150 words) #GS3 #GS2 #economy

🔆 DRDO’s High-Speed Rocket-Sled Test of Fighter Aircraft Escape System 📍 Why in Focus? DRDO successfully conducted a dynamic high-speed ejection test validating India’s indigenous fighter aircraft escape system. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Test done at Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility, Chandigarh by TBRL. ✅ Validated canopy severance, ejection sequencing, and full aircrew recovery. ✅ Collaboration between DRDO, ADA & HAL—placing India among few nations with advanced escape-system testing capability. ✅ Used dual-sled system propelled by solid rocket motors to achieve controlled high velocity. ✅ Anthropomorphic Test Dummy captured real-time loads, moments & accelerations for certification. 📍 Implications: ✅ Major step toward self-reliance in military aviation. ✅ Enhances pilot safety and strengthens indigenous LCA capability. ✅ Boosts India’s standing in advanced aerospace testing. ✅ Prelims Question: Which facility was used for DRDO’s recent high-speed rocket-sled ejection test? A. Satish Dhawan Space Centre B. Aeronautical Test Range, Chitradurga C. Rail Track Rocket Sled facility, Chandigarh D. NFTC, Bengaluru Ans: C ✅ Mains Question: Highlight the significance of DRDO’s successful high-speed rocket-sled test for India’s indigenous aerospace capability and pilot-safety architecture. (150 words) #prelims #GS3 #science_and_technology #science_technology Join @PIB_UPSC @upsc_science_and_technology

🔆 Women Participation in Paramilitary Forces 📍 Why in Focus? Govt detailed steps to enhance women’s recruitment and working conditions in CAPFs. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ 33% reservation at Constable level in CRPF; 14–15% in BSF, SSB & ITBP. ✅ Separate accommodation, rest rooms, toilets, and creches/day-care provided. ✅ Women-centric medical support, Help Desks & confidential grievance systems. ✅ Regular gender-sensitisation workshops; deployment in section strength/buddy pairs. ✅ Flexible time & shift systems adopted where possible. 📍 Implications: ✔️ Safer, inclusive environment ✔️ Higher recruitment & retention of women ✔️ Strengthening gender balance in security forces ✅ Mains Question: Discuss the measures taken by the Government to enhance women’s participation and safety in the CAPFs. ✨ #GS2 #GS3

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🔆 Promoting Alternative Income Sources for Farmers 📍 Why in Focus? Government highlighted a comprehensive strategy and multiple schemes aimed at boosting farmer incomes and diversifying agriculture. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Integrated strategy: higher productivity, lower production cost, better remunerative returns, diversification, post-harvest value addition & climate adaptation. ✅ DA&FW budget rose from ₹21,933 cr (2013-14) to ₹1,27,290 cr (2025-26). ✅ 28+ schemes support income enhancement: PM-KISAN, PM-KMY, PMFBY, AIF, FPO promotion, NBHM, NMNF, PM-AASHA, AgriSURE, PMDMC, SH&F, etc. ✅ MSPs fixed for 22 crops + FRP for sugarcane on CACP recommendations. ✅ MSP considerations: cost of production, demand–supply, price trends, inter-crop parity, ToT, and 50% margin over production cost. 📍 Implications: ✅ Strengthens farm resilience & income stability. ✅ Encourages crop diversification & allied activities. ✅ Supports long-term agricultural sustainability. ✅ Prelims Question: Which of the following bodies recommends MSPs to the Government of India? A. NITI Aayog B. Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP) C. NABARD D. Krishi Vigyan Kendra Ans: B ✅ Mains Question: Explain how the Government of India’s multi-scheme strategy supports alternative income sources for farmers and strengthens long-term agricultural sustainability. (150 words) #GS3 #GS2 #Agriculture

🔆 Mapping of Heatwaves: IMD’s New Tools for Preparedness 📍 Why in Focus? IMD has strengthened heatwave forecasting, mapping, and sector-specific alerts, improving India’s disaster preparedness. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ GIS-based Heatwave Portal shows real-time heatwave status & 5-day forecasts at district/sub-city levels. ✅ Climate Hazards & Vulnerability Atlas maps 13 hazards, incl. heatwaves—identifies high-risk hotspots monthly & annually. ✅ IMD issues impact-based, colour-coded warnings using parameters like max/min temperature, humidity, wind & persistence. ✅ Specialised heat alerts for plains, hills, coastal regions, plus a dedicated bulletin for Indian Railways. ✅ Heatwave information shared via GIS for customised use by sectors (health, energy, agriculture); actionable plans follow NDMA guidelines. 📍 Implications: ✅ Boosts anticipatory action & early warning systems. ✅ Enhances planning for critical sectors (transport, health, energy). ✅ Supports district-level vulnerability mapping for climate resilience. ✅ Prelims Question: The IMD’s Climate Hazards & Vulnerability Atlas provides: A. Only temperature maps B. District-level maps for 13 hazards, incl. heatwaves C. Satellite rainfall forecasts D. Agro-advisory services Ans: B ✅ Mains Question: Explain how IMD’s heatwave mapping tools and impact-based warning systems strengthen India’s disaster preparedness and climate resilience. (150 words) ✨ #GS3 #environment

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🔆 Gaganyaan Gets Boost with Successful Parachute Test 📍 Key Update ✅ ISRO clears Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT) — a major human-safety milestone for Gaganyaan. ✅ Extreme-condition test validated parachute strength, stability, and safe deceleration. 📍 Why It Matters ✅ Essential for crew module landing safety. ✅ Mission on track for Q1 2027 launch. ✅ Learnings integrated into astronaut emergency & survival training. 📍 Oversight ✅ Independent bodies (DRT, IAC, NAP) ensure strict human-rating standards. 📍 Mains Question Q. How does IMAT strengthen the human-rating readiness of the Gaganyaan mission? #prelims #GS3 #science_and_technology #science_technology Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC https://t.me/upsc_science_and_technology

🔆 Gaganyaan Gets Boost with Successful Parachute Test 📍 Key Update ✅ ISRO clears Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT) — a major human-safety milestone for Gaganyaan. ✅ Extreme-condition test validated parachute strength, stability, and safe deceleration. 📍 Why It Matters ✅ Essential for crew module landing safety. ✅ Mission on track for Q1 2027 launch. ✅ Learnings integrated into astronaut emergency & survival training. 📍 Oversight ✅ Independent bodies (DRT, IAC, NAP) ensure strict human-rating standards. 📍 Mains Question Q. How does IMAT strengthen the human-rating readiness of the Gaganyaan mission? 📍 #GS3 #science_and_technology

🔆 RSP Now Mandatory on All Pan Masala Packs (From Feb 1, 2026) 📍 What’s New? ✅ Govt notifies Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2025 amendment. ✅ All pan masala packs, including small packs ≤10g, must display Retail Sale Price (RSP). 📍 Why Important? ✅ Ensures clear, transparent pricing for consumers. ✅ Prevents misleading or deceptive pricing on small packs. ✅ Enables better informed purchasing decisions. 📍 GST Impact ✅ Mandatory RSP enables proper GST-based valuation for every pack size. ✅ Supports accurate tax assessment, stops revenue leakage. 📍 Mains Question Q. How do Legal Metrology amendments strengthen consumer protection and support GST compliance? 📍 #GS2 #Governance

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🔆 Operational Guidelines of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) 📍 Why in Focus? Government outlined updated operational norms, grievance systems, and validation rules for PMFBY to ensure transparent crop insurance processing. 📍 Key Highlights: ✅ Applications undergo Quality Check & Validation on NCIP — requiring correct land details, sowing data & Aadhaar-based name match. ✅ 60-day deadline after cut-off date for premium debit/enrollment (31 July–Kharif; 31 Dec–Rabi). ✅ Deficient applications sent back via CSC/Intermediary/Banks; rejections can be appealed through KrishiRakshak Portal, helpline 14447, or DGRC. ✅ Delay in claim settlement allowed, but no penalty mechanism for wrongful rejection at district/state level. ✅ Multi-level monitoring: District Monitoring Committee (DM), State Monitoring Committee (Principal Secretary Agriculture). ✅ 24×7 grievance support through KRPH with 500+ executives. 📍 Implications: ✅ Strengthens transparency & accountability in crop insurance. ✅ Enhances grievance redressal for farmers. ✅ Ensures better compliance with PMFBY rules. ✅ Prelims Question: Which portal handles quality check and validation of PMFBY applications? A. e-NAM B. National Crop Insurance Portal (NCIP) C. PM-KISAN Portal D. AgriStack Portal Ans: B ✅ Mains Question: Evaluate how the revised operational guidelines of PMFBY improve transparency, grievance redressal, and accountability in India’s crop insurance ecosystem. (150 words) #Agriculture

🔆 India’s Water Management & Conservation – Key Facts 📍 Flagship Initiatives ✅ Atal Bhujal Yojana: Community-led groundwater management across 8,203 Panchayats in 7 states (Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, MP, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UP). — Focus: demand-side interventions, community participation, institutional strengthening. 📍 Catch the Rain Campaign (JSA–CTR) ✅ Mapping, geo-tagging, and inventory of water bodies using remote sensing, GIS, NRSA data & NWIC databases. ✅ Enables data-driven conservation at district level. 📍 Digital Water Governance Tools ✅ India-WRIS Portal: Consolidated geo-tagged database of India’s water bodies; operational since Nov 2023. — Integrates Jal Shakti Abhiyan, Atal Bhujal, Minor Irrigation Census, NWIC, etc. — Used for planning, awareness, and monitoring. 📍 Advanced Tech Interventions ✅ NAQUIM: Nationwide aquifer mapping by CGWB using RS, GIS, Heliborne surveys. ✅ Real-time monitoring of groundwater using 23,000+ Digital Water Level Recorders (DWLRs). ✅ In-GRES: Web-based resource assessment tool for schemes like MGNREGA, Atal Bhujal, Jal Shakti. ✅ Flood Watch India app: Real-time flood forecasts for 592 stations, reservoir storage of 150+ major reservoirs. ✅ GIS-based monitoring for PMKSY-SMI, RRR, Atal Bhujal structures. ✅ Extensive use of satellite & remote sensing data via BISAG-N & Space Application Centres. 📍 Central Role ✅ Water is a State subject, but the Centre supports via technology, finance, monitoring tools & digital platforms. 📍 Mains Question Q. Discuss how digital technologies are transforming water management in India. Evaluate their impact on groundwater conservation. 📍 #GSIII